// Power­train Systems in Vehicles

Power­train opti­miza­ti­on on the chas­sis dyno or the road

For APL, vehic­le deve­lo­p­ment acti­vi­ties begin with the first driva­ble proto­ty­pe. The projects and fields of acti­vi­ty are broad­ly diver­si­fied; start­ing with veri­fi­ca­ti­on of basic data, they extend to system analy­sis, opti­miza­ti­on of the vehic­le power­train, range and consump­ti­on analy­sis – on the chas­sis dyna­mo­me­ter and/or with a PEMS to measu­re real driving emis­si­ons on the road — and finis­hing in certi­fi­ca­ti­on and confor­mi­ty of produc­tion (CoP).

Chas­sis dyno test center for consump­ti­on / emis­si­on measu­re­ment and range determination

APL opera­tes 15 vehic­le chas­sis dyna­mo­me­ters. These are accre­di­ted for deve­lo­p­ment tasks and statu­to­ry test­ing of conven­tio­nal combus­ti­on, hybrid and BEV vehic­les (ISC, CoP, certi­fi­ca­ti­on) in accordance with DIN/ISO 17025 for various inter­na­tio­nal target markets (DAkkS accre­di­ta­ti­on certi­fi­ca­te D‑PL-11082–01-00). The roller test bays under­go regu­lar audits by both the tech­ni­cal service and our customers.

The modern chas­sis dyna­mo­me­ters and asso­cia­ted emis­si­on measu­re­ment tech­no­lo­gy (CVS) from the manu­fac­tu­rer AIP GmbH & Co. KG are all-wheel drive roller test benches for normal tempe­ra­tures (> 10°C) and are supple­men­ted by a clima­tic roller test bench (-40°C to +40°C) and a chas­sis dyno with alti­tu­de simu­la­ti­on (MEDAS).

The test­ing tech­no­lo­gy in the roller test field is constant­ly being further deve­lo­ped and exceeds the legal requi­re­ments. Thanks to the close connec­tion to the compa­ny subsi­dia­ry ‘AIP-Auto­mo­ti­ve’, the APL test field is invol­ved at a very early stage in the deve­lo­p­ment of measu­re­ment tech­no­lo­gy. Measu­ring equip­ment for future requi­re­ments is ther­e­fo­re usual­ly available befo­re any legal regu­la­ti­ons come into force. This means that it can be used by our custo­mers at an early stage of vehic­le development.

In prepa­ra­ti­on for a forth­co­ming EU7 legis­la­ti­on, it can be assu­med that the measu­re­ment tech­no­lo­gy for the follo­wing emis­si­ons will be expanded:

  • Number of partic­les (PN10)
  • Ammo­nia (NH3)
  • Nitrous oxide (N2O)

To be “EU7-ready” APL alre­a­dy uses:

  • PN10 measu­re­ment technology
  • QCL measu­re­ment technology
  • LAS systems (in alignment with FTIR systems)
Basic Data Input — On-Board Diagno­stics (OBD) — Emissions
An important first step is the vali­da­ti­on of a basis vehic­le data set, as deve­lo­ped on the engi­ne test bench. Test-drives world­wi­de ensu­re that deve­lo­p­ment goals can be met despi­te the influence of factors such as driver, traf­fic, envi­ron­ment, clima­te, route and more.

Most of the data input for emis­si­on-rele­vant func­tions and on-board diagno­stics happens on our state-of-the-art chas­sis dyna­mo­me­ter test benches. In addi­ti­on to veri­fy­ing compli­ance with legal regu­la­ti­ons for the respec­ti­ve count­ries, statu­to­ry passen­ger car type test­ing in Euro­pe requi­res emis­si­on measu­re­ments under real driving condi­ti­ons. APL offers a truly holi­stic approach for this kind of test­ing: from indi­vi­du­al route selec­tion, through adapt­a­ti­on and compa­ri­son of measu­re­ment tech­no­lo­gies, to data evalua­ti­on compli­ant with legal requi­re­ments. PEMS (Porta­ble Emis­si­ons Measu­re­ment System) measu­re­ment tech­no­lo­gies are also utili­sed during the deve­lo­p­ment phase to ensu­re relia­ble data acquisition.

Due to the incre­asing degree of elec­tri­fi­ca­ti­on of vehic­le drive trains and the digi­ti­sa­ti­on of vehic­les, chas­sis dyno test-bench-ready proto­ty­pes are first available at a rela­tively late stage. In order to be able to carry out emis­si­on and consump­ti­on opti­mi­sa­ti­ons as early as possi­ble in the deve­lo­p­ment process, the APL drive train test­ing faci­li­ty offers high­ly sophisti­ca­ted test benches with corre­spon­ding measu­re­ment tech­no­lo­gy and tech­ni­cal equip­ment. In this envi­ron­ment, virtu­al compon­ents can be succes­si­ve­ly repla­ced by new hard­ware, thus enab­ling the enti­re, complex system to be deve­lo­ped to full produc­tion readiness.

Certi­fi­ca­ti­on and Confor­mi­ty of Production
Once emis­si­on and OBD data input is comple­te, the appr­oval process can start in the vehic­le. Various cycles must be successful­ly tested for certi­fi­ca­ti­on in compli­ance with the law; this includes test cycles on the chas­sis dyna­mo­me­ter, such as NEDC, WLTC, WHTC, RDE, and other global­ly rele­vant cycles. In Euro­pe, PEMS measu­re­ments must also be carri­ed out to prove compli­ance with emis­si­on limits in real-world situations.

Post-CoP (Confor­mi­ty of Produc­tion) test­ing serves as both quali­ty assu­rance and to deter­mi­ne produc­tion tole­ran­ces in assem­bly proces­ses. Confor­mi­ty of produc­tion must be demons­tra­ted for all confi­gu­ra­ti­ons and is inten­ded to ensu­re that every produ­ced vehic­le conforms to the type approval.

Rela­ted Topics:

Deve­lo­p­ment of Inter­nal Combus­ti­on Engi­ne Drivetrains

Chemi­cal and Physi­cal Laboratory

// Loca­ti­ons 

Head­quar­ters Land­au
APL Auto­mo­bil-Prüf­tech­nik
Land­au GmbH
Am Hölzel 11
76829 Land­au

 

// Wolfs­burg
APL Auto­mo­bil-Prüf­tech­nik
Land­au GmbH
Gustav-Hertz-Stra­ße 10
38448 Wolfs­burg

 

// Bietig­heim-Bissin­gen
APL Auto­mo­bil-Prüf­tech­nik
Land­au GmbH
Robert-Bosch-Stra­ße 12
74321 Bietig­heim-Bissin­gen

// APL Group

APL Auto­mo­bil-Prüf­tech­nik Land­au GmbH

AIP GmbH & Co. KG

IAVF Antriebs­tech­nik GmbH

IAVF-Volke Prüf­zen­trum für Verbren­nungs­mo­to­ren GmbH

MOT GmbH

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